Home Invasion The Importance of Forensic Evidence - 550 Words

Home Invasion The Importance of Forensic Evidence (Essay Sample) Content: Name: ______________________________Course and Section: ___________________Instructor: ___________________________Choose three pieces of evidence from the list presented and complete the questions in the table below.The table should also: * Use APA style for all citations. In text citations can be placed in the table and a full reference page located at the end of the assignment template. * Avoid plagiarism. Do not cut and paste directly from the source into the table. Note: no more than 10% of your paper should be directly quoted from any outside source. * Utilize at least two reliable sources. * Be free of grammar and spelling errors. Sample 1Footwear tracks Sample 2tool and tool mark evidence Sample 3blood evidence Analyze the evidence and the chemical properties of the material. Key properties such as color, density, chemical or biological composition should be discussed. A large footwear print with white patches of soil. The soil seemed to have formed a good impr int probably due to the presence of water on the floor where the print was located (Fisher, Barry, David) A metal bar and a pipe wrench with a which was used in probably breaking into the room. One part of the metal rod was blue but part of the pain was piling off. Dried up blood drops on a broken piece of glass. The blood sample could be used in the DNA analysis of the individual and the health condition of the individual Describe how this evidence was correctly collect from the scene. A photograph of the print will be taken together with a sample of the soil form the floor where the footwear tracks are. The metal rod was placed in an evidence bag after being picked with a had covered in gloves. This was to avoid any distortion on the possible finger prints on the bar. The blood was collect using a swab and placed in a test tube to be analyzed later. The tube was placed in an evidence bag and sealed. Necessary tests to be performed on this type of sample. The soil will be tested t o determine the possible sources it is from. A chemical test would be important in determining the composition of the soil. The bar will be used in the collection of finger prints of the suspect. The prints would be necessary and an imperative source of identity of the suspect once collected and analyses DNA analyses and the blood type tests would be imperative in this case (Miller, Larry Michael). The health of the individual would also be determined and the possibility of having abused drugs in carrying out the breaking. Hypothetical results recorded. The solid is possible form continuing constructi...

The Use Of Characterization In The Lottery By Shirley Jackson

When a loving, caring, family oriented, women come in conflict with the horrible, despicable, inhumane lottery in a situation in which the town goes together, the results may be a terrible end in a young life. In â€Å"The Lottery† written by, Shirley Jackson, the main character Mrs. Tessie Hutchinson’s and the town folk are the main characters of this story. In â€Å"The Lottery† Shirley Jackson uses the use of characterization to portray the main ideas of the story. Shirley Jackson also uses the use of plot structure and the point of view in which the story is being told. The Lottery is a way to make a sacrifice for a good harvest in the upcoming season. The use of characterization is a crucial part of the story. The first use of characterization†¦show more content†¦The fact that he has participated in the lottery seventy seven times it has become a way of life for him. The lottery has become a part of him. Just like everyday people the use of a cell phone becomes part of us. If someone asked to get rid of this device the people would go into an uproar. Old Man Warren’s motivation is to continue the lottery for as long as he lives. As it is a way of life, and a way to produce a bountiful crop. Throughout the story, it is told from the third person point of view. This gives the reader a sense of understanding between all of the town folks. It makes the logic and reasoning behind each town member easier to access. This point of view gives the reader an idea of what different town people think of the lottery. For example, Old Man Warren does not believe that the lottery should ever be stopped. While some other members of the town were talking about how â€Å"that over in the north village they’re talking about giving up the lottery†(413). If Shirley Jackson wrote this story another way the reader would not receive the information and knowledge from the other characters like they do in the third person point of view. This overall is a strength with this point of view for Shirley Jacksons story. The implication that is seen through this point of view towards the story is that it gives all members of the village to speak and express their feelings about the lottery . It allows the reader to truly understand how the peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Lottery, By Shirley Jackson1149 Words   |  5 Pagesutilize their original purpose- or becoming outdated. In â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, she highlights the detrimental causes of what happens when a tradition is continued, and the original history is forgotten. There are many traditions that are no longer followed today because they no longer serve a purpose, but in â€Å"The Lottery,† the outdated tradition is still being followed by the community. Due to the brutality of â€Å"The Lottery,† Jackson warns of the consequences of simply following something justRead MoreThe Lottery Short Story847 Words   |  4 Pagesdramatic. â€Å"The Lottery† is a short story written by Shirley Jackson, and it is a great example of a story that uses all three types. Parts of the story and the whole story itself use irony to confuse but entertain the reader. Situational irony is defined as something happening that was the opposite of what was expected. â€Å"The Lottery† uses situational irony for the entire plot of the story. In the beginning of the story, families are gathering in the town square to draw names for a lottery. The settingRead MoreEssay on Symbolism and Characterization in Jackson’s The Lottery726 Words   |  3 Pagespassed on, from previous generations in Shirley Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery†. Traditions, which have been lost in time, but seemingly enough the stones have not been discarded. Set on a village in a warm summer day, the story begins with several boys gathering stones for the lottery. The rest of the villagers gather in the square. The fate of the villagers is determined by a slip of paper chosen from the black box. Symbolism and characterization, from the beginning to the end, work togetherRead More The Rocking Horse Winner and The Lottery Essay838 Words   |  4 PagesIn both â€Å"The Rocking Horse Winner† by D.H. Lawrence and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson, the authors take critical aim at two staples of mainstream values, materialism and tradition respectively. Both authors approach these themes through several different literary devices such as personification and symbolism; however, it is the authors use of characterization that most develop their themes. Well be taking a look at the parallel passages in the stories that advance their themes particularly whenRead MoreShirley Jackson And Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown And The Lottery1453 Words   |  6 PagesENG102-FA2017 Young Goodman Brown The Lottery Julia Williams There is a lot that goes into a fictional story, especially for the writer of the story. Most readers don’t look closely enough at a story to realize how much truly goes into it. Two major aspects that go into writing a fictional story include characterization and setting, both of which play a major role in the stories â€Å"Young Goodman Brown† by Nathaniel Hawthorne and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson. Without the settings and characters inRead MoreExpect the Unexpected1898 Words   |  8 PagesExpect the Unexpected What thoughts come to mind when you think of â€Å"The Lottery?† Positive thoughts including money, a new home, excitement, and happiness are all associated with the lottery in most cases. However, this is not the case in Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery†. Here, the characters in the story are not gambling for money, instead they are gambling for their life. A shock that surprises the reader as she unveils this horrifying tradition in the village on this beautifulRead MoreEssay about The Lottery, by Shirley Jackson2214 Words   |  9 PagesWorld War, Shirley Jackson’s life was filled with graphic imagery of the violence existing throughout her world. Jackson’s husband Stanley Edgar Hyman wrote, â€Å"[Shirley’s] fierce visions of dissociations and madness, of alienation and withdrawal, of cruelty and terror, have been taken to be personal, even neurotic fantasies. Quite the reverse: They are a sensitive and faithful an atomy of our times, fitting symbols for our distressing world of the concentration camp and the bomb† (â€Å"‘The Lottery’† 144)Read MoreCreating horror in the Lottery979 Words   |  4 PagesCreating Horror Authors use a number of different tones, settings, themes, characterizations, and points of view in order to create a fictional world inside the readers head. We see these tools used in contrasting ways in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† by Edgar Allan Poe and â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson. The distinctive techniques used in these short stories leave you feeling uneasy once you finish them. Using different methods, both authors create a story of horror for their readers. The tonesRead MoreFeminism, The Yellow Wallpaper, And Jackson s The Lottery1205 Words   |  5 PagesGilman (feminist) and Shirley Jackson (writer), are women that used their works of literature to show their views on the ways men controlled their wives physically and mentally. Rich wrote Living In Sin, Gilman wrote The Yellow Wallpaper, and Jackson wrote The Lottery. Although each work of literature is written by a different author, they each have the same common theme, feminism. These writers displayed this common theme throughout the use of literary devices, characterization, setting, and plot structureRead MoreEssay on Theme of the Unexpected in The Lottery1819 Words   |  8 PagesExpect the Unexpected What thoughts come to mind when you think of The Lottery? Positive thoughts including money, a new home, excitement, and happiness are all associated with the lottery in most cases. However, this is not the case in Shirley Jackson’s short story, The Lottery. Here, the characters in the story are not gambling for money, instead they are gambling for their life. A shock that surprises the reader as she unveils this horrifying tradition in the village on this beautiful

John Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism - 1771 Words

John Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism Throughout Philosophy, morality is a central component. Although, each scholar views the definition of morality differently, the common underlining theme is that of individuals striving to become better and think for themselves. Morality plays a big part in utilitarianism. Many philosophers have defined utilitarianism in a variety of different ways like Jeremy Bentham who believes an action is right if happiness is promoted and wrong if it reverse happiness, including but not limited to the person happiness who did the action but everyone that was affected by it (Duignan). One of utilitarianism views is the action that has the most good is the morally right action (Driver). The foundation of morality in utilitarianism comes from utility or intrinsic value (Skorupski 256). In utilitarianism, actions are evaluated by their utility instead of intrinsic properties of the actions (Skorupski 256). Utilitarianism says certain acts are right or wrong within themselves, making us perform them or avoid them entirely. On the contrary, concepts of the good go hand and hand with that of rights and obligation, causing obligation to be determined in reference to intrinsic value (Skorupski 256). John Stuart Mill’s theory of utilitarianism clearly breaks down this concept’s definition and structure by focusing on its morality, proof of validity, and connection between justice and utility in the study of thinking. John Stuart Mill was influenced to studyShow MoreRelatedJohn Stuart Mill s On Liberty And Utilitarianism Essay2257 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay examines and inspects liberty and order conflict based on the writings of philosopher John Stuart Mill, titled On Liberty and Utilitarianism. We will discuss how his philosophical views on equality as fundamental to what it means to be human. We will interpret John Stuart Mill’s theorist view on equality as fundamental to the good or bad functioning of the state? The question and debate we would also raise will be, is equality be integral the arrangements of power? Lastly, we wouldRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism1553 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Stuart Mill begins the explanation of his version of Utilitarianism by replying to common misconceptions that people hold regarding the theory, and as a result describes his own theory more clearly. The main issue that Mill raises is that people misinterpret the word â€Å"uti lity† as in opposition to â€Å"pleasure†. However, utility is actually defined as pleasure itself and also the absence of pain. â€Å"Those who know anything about the matter, from Epicurus to Bentham, who maintained the theory of utilityRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Doctrine And Utilitarianism1802 Words   |  8 PagesThe approach that I strongly agree is the John Stuart Mill’s doctrine and Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is a moral approach that believes `` the supreme principle of morality is to produce as much happiness as possible`` (118). And ``There is in reality nothing desired except happiness`` (118). Utilitarianism evaluates the action according on the amount of happiness. The good action is the one that its result is the most desirable happiness. I choose this approach because I think, if every personRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism Essay1381 Words   |  6 Pagesresult of there being many different theories, some can overlap while others can vary greatly. The two most widely known theories, Utilitarianism and Deontological ethics, greatly conflict with each other. They differ mo stly in what they value most, the outcome vs. the action/motive. John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism itself differs from the original form of Utilitarianism created by Jeremy Bentham. Bentham felt that pleasure was wholly good, and that pain to the lone evil in the world, as he said, â€Å"NatureRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism1642 Words   |  7 Pagesa wide range of interpretations, as well as having no clear meaning. John Stuart Mill, an English philosopher, based his controversial sentiments of happiness on Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism, believing that goods are the means to greatest happiness for the greatest number of peoples. Epicurus, an Ancient Greek philosopher, who similarly encouraged people to follow his pleasure based philosophy to obtain happiness. Unlike Mill, Epicurus’ philosophy is based on individualistic hedonism, which oftenRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Book, Utilitarianism870 Words   |  4 PagesIn John Stuart Mill’s book , Utilitarianism (1863) he challenges many critics that are against his theory. One of which is the claim that Utilitarianism is a swine doctrine. They interpret the theory by saying a humans ultimate goal in life, is that of a swine; pleasure in the absence of pain. It is quite an understandable remark, but definitely is an over analyzed critique, in my opinion. Mill however replies to the critics in grave detail, defending his theory. Although many strengths and weaknessesRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Version Of Utilitarianism2088 Words   |  9 Pagespain is the only thing undesirable as an end. Everything else is good or evil as it tends to promote pleasure or pain*. I will argue that pain should be considered as a means as well as an end and show that this is consistent with John Stuart Mill’s version of Utilitarianism. Conjoining the consideration of pain as a means and the notion of association of ideas, I will give what I hope is a unique explanation as to why higher pleasures are so often considered superior to lower pleasures. Finally IRead MoreUtilitarianism And Its Flaws Of John Stuart Mill s Defends Utilitarianism Essay1307 Words   |  6 PagesEthics from a Global Perspective 7 December 2016 Utilitarianism and its Flaws John Stuart Mill’s defends utilitarianism, an ethical theory according to which, as he puts it, â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness† (155 Ethics). In other words, actions are morally right if they make us happy and actions are morally wrong if they make us unhappy. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory in which an action is morally rightRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Moral Theory Of Utilitarianism1514 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Stuart Mill wrote on his moral theory of Utilitarianism, which many have refuted by explaining that it failed to respect the dignity and worth of human beings. Mills theory of utility bases an actions morality on its ability to create the maximum amount of happiness. Happiness as described by Mill, is the maximization of pleasure over grief. Some critics have even said that Mill’s theory degraded humans to swine as it belittled morals to come from pleasu res of the body that even animals hadRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism And Immanuel Kant s Categorical Imperative1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthemselves with, but two major categories of moral philosophy are the most popular and the most debated. These are John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism and Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative. In looking at the three trolley cases, one can align themselves with either Mill, Kant or create their own perspective. Utilitarianism is defended by Mill in his writing entitled Utilitarianism. This method of deciphering good versus bad is rather simple. The Principle of Utility states that â€Å"Actions are

Logistics Operations and Retail Management †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Logistics Operations and Retail Management. Answer: Introduction Laburnum Group is established in 1920 and it is considered as one of the largest Australian groups of companies having their main area of revenue is coming from their two companies which are the Sapphire Energy and Aus Cotton. The main objective of this group is to maximize the returns of the shareholders. It is seen recently that the two companies under this group is facing some challenges and inefficiencies which is actually making the top management of this group to rethink their business strategies and the current processes for maximizing the returns to their shareholders. The main area which is considered s the challenge for the group is basically related with the procurement and the supply chain. There is the development of the cross functional team to be deployed for managing and identifying the areas which needs to be improved (Kim and Chai 2017). The study is focusing on how Laburnum Group will be identifying and managing the challenges they are facing recently from their tw o business portfolios. It is also describing the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the loopholes created and the mitigation of the challenges are needed. It is observed from the case study that Sapphire Energy has the contract with Eastern Power storeroom who is procuring this cable so that the electric service should be delivered at the different areas of Victoria. It is seen that now Eastern Power actually need around 155,000 meters of cable for providing the best electric service to the customers. The challenge the company is facing is basically the carrying cost of the cable is very high and there is around 1/12th part of the annual cost is paid to the Electric Store room for delivering this cable to Sapphire Energy. There is an agreement to be made with Electric Store for reducing the lead time. There will be no discounts on the volume of this cable to be made and the supplier is indicating that the discount will be offered only if it has the minimum order volume of 4500 meters. It is also seen that the ordering costs is also high which is around $50 and the inventory carrying costs on all the items is around 10 percent of the pu rchase price which is also high as this will add up and the total price for supplying this cable for the customers gets enhanced which is adjusted in the electric bills. From the case scenario it is depicted that the ordering costs for the cable is around $50 so the ordering cost is dependent on the annual demand. This tells that of the ordering cost is increased then the annual demand will also increase. This indicates that the customer across the different cities of Victoria have large demand of this cable which the Eastern Store should have to meet it. This is also dependent on the value of economic order quantity. If the economic order quantity increases the annual demand also increases. So in this case the effectiveness of the current ordering system is very high for Sapphire Energy as the ordering costs for this cable is very high. So this depicts that Sapphire Energy has the high demand of this cable for the future which will be maximizing the sales and this results in maximizing the shareholders of Laburnum Group as well. Ways of improving the current ordering system of Sapphire Energy The ways of improving the current ordering system is to increase the ordering cost for the cable. The next could be the increase in the annual demand met by Sapphire energy year by year. The annual demand the ordering costs for the cable is directly related with the economic order quantity of that product. This depicts the improvement in the financial performance of Sapphire Energy which I enhancing the revenue of the business for Laburnum Group as well. There is also the improvement of the current ordering system to be made by reducing the carrying cost for the cable. The lower the price of carrying cost per meter for the cable, there is the increase in the annual demand of the cable to be taken place. There is the other way of improving the performance of the current ordering system is basically the reduction in the inventory carrying costs of the cable which is added with the purchasing prices for the cable and this will increase the overall costs of purchasing the cable for the c ustomers (Presley, Meade and Sarkis 2016). It is important to mention the fact that Aus Cotton a company of Laburnum Group is facing some of the procurement and the supply chain issues by which they could not be able to deliver the products with wide variety to the customers. It is required by the newly hired Senior Vice president of the Supply chain to address the issue of procurement and supply side sources for this company. According to the case scenario, Aus Cotton is much focused on the contract manufacturing where they have to provide huge profit margins to the manufacturers with whom the company is in contracting with. They have to deal with huge number of products with varied ranges which is involving from the seasonal as well the products which are not found in season time, rather than it is delivered to the customers as and when required. So it is the responsibility of the senior Vice president of Aus Cotton to rethink about an approach. The approach which should be taken into consideration should be the approach of strategic sourcing. In accordance with Jacobs, Chase and Lummus (2014) strategic sourcing is defined as the approach which is useful in gathering information and it should be applied in such a way that it should be enhancing the power from the customers to purchase the products or services available to them. According to the case scenario the major global issues which are linked with the area of strategic sourcing is the consistency in the demand and supply of the products by Aus Cotton. Due to the increasing demand of the products of Aus Cotton, there is always a decreased supply to be taken place as if demand for the product increases, the prices for the products starts increasing and the supply side decreases to a certain level. It is also seen that due to unexpected changes in the volume and length of the product lines developed by Aus Cotton, they could not be able to supply the products on a constant basis by the manufacturers and this leads to delay in the delivery of the products for the customers (Swink et al. 2017). The next global issue could be the inaccuracy and the transparency of the data or information required for the manufacturers to provide it as this will be causing problems in integrating security for the operations of Aus Cotton. There is the need of the information regarding the needs and demands of the target market where they want to enhance their business. It is important for the Senior Vice President to be able to get the required information from the market and the customer trends and analyzing their needs and demands from the products they purchase. The Senior Vice President of Aus Cotton need to analyze and implement the positioning strategy as well for making the products accustomed with the market conditions. Impacts of less than perfect demand forecasts for Aus Cotton The impacts of the less than demand forecasts for Aus Cotton are depicted below Poor Quality Customer Service- With the less than perfect demand forecasts for Aus Cotton indicates that there is poor quality of service to be given to the customers. The customers will not be getting the products consistently and also at the right time which results in delay of delivery for them. The less than perfect demand forecasts also reduce the reliability of the customers towards Aus Cotton. Lack of volume of products manufactured- It is seen that due to the less than demand forecasts the prediction for the products manufactured will become less and it does not meet the expectations of the top management of Aus Cotton which result in loss of customers for the company. Urgent Increase in Carrying Costs- It is seen that if the demand forecasted is less, then there is an increase in the transportation costs for the products takes place if the customers urgently require the products (Fernie and Sparks 2014). So there is an increase in the cost of the transport services used for moving the products from the contract manufacturers to the distribution centers. Ways of mitigating the issue of Aus Cotton It is important that for mitigating the issue of less than perfect demand forecasts the company should be using the local manufacturers in Australia who can be able to manufacture the summer and the winter lines products for this company (Stadtler 2015). This will help in reducing the overall cost and profit margin of the company increases. The impact in the volatility in the length could be mitigated by manufacturing the products after the evaluation of the needs and demands of the customers and analyzing the market conditions. The cost of transport services used for moving its products from contract manufacturers is mitigated by increasing the volume of distribution centers and from sourcing the local manufacturers rather than making contracts with the outside manufacturers. The elements of the strategic sourcing process which will be the top candidates for Aus Cotton are depicted below Category Selection- It is important that Aus Cotton need to define and identify the sizes and the current quantities used as this is linked with the supply side. Supply Market Evaluation- It is useful for strategic sourcing to be implemented that, there is the analysis of the potential suppliers involved with Aus Cotton in order to compete and develop strategy according to them (Monczka et al. 2015). Selection of Sourcing process- It is essential in the selection of the sourcing process so that the product specifications are cleared for the senior vice president of Aus Cotton. Negotiating with the Manufacturers- The Senior Vice President should be negotiating with the contract manufacturers that they will be reducing the profit margin and be able to deliver different range of products without any delay. Evaluation of the assertion for Aus Cotton The senior Vice President would respond to this fact that ethics in doing business is really essential for the sustainability of the business of Aus Cotton. As the senior vice president of Aus Cotton I would be prioritizing the contract manufacturer who are doing illegal business with us and would not be making them as our partners as legal obligations can hamper the reputation of Aus Cotton in Australia. Conclusion It is concluded that the company Sapphire Energy and Aus Cotton of the Laburnum Group will be able to find out the solutions t the supply chain and procurement issues they have it (Christopher 2016). It is evident that the strategic sourcing approach is taken for Aus Cotton to mitigate the supply chain management issue. Hence, the challenges faced by both Sapphire Energy and Aus Cotton need to evaluate it for the better business in future for them. References Christopher, M., 2016.Logistics supply chain management. Pearson UK. Jacobs, F.R., Chase, R.B. and Lummus, R.R., 2014.Operations and supply chain management(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Stadtler, H., 2015. Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. Monczka, R.M., Handfield, R.B., Giunipero, L.C. and Patterson, J.L., 2015.Purchasing and supply chain management. Cengage Learning. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C. and Lalwani, C.L., 2016.Global logistics and supply chain management. John Wiley Sons. Cooper, R., 2017.Supply chain development for the lean enterprise: interorganizational cost management. Routledge. Brandenburg, M., Govindan, K., Sarkis, J. and Seuring, S., 2014. Quantitative models for sustainable supply chain management: Developments and directions.European Journal of Operational Research,233(2), pp.299-312. Fernie, J. and Sparks, L., 2014.Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan page publishers. Swink, M., Melnyk, S.A., Hartley, J.L. and Cooper, M.B., 2017.Managing operations across the supply chain. McGraw-Hill Education. Presley, A., Meade, L. and Sarkis, J., 2016, July. A strategic sourcing evaluation methodology for reshoring decisions. InSupply Chain Forum: An International Journal(Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 156-169). Taylor Francis. Eltantawy, R., Giunipero, L. and Handfield, R., 2014. Strategic sourcing managements mindset: strategic sourcing orientation and its implications.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,44(10), pp.768-795. Kim, M. and Chai, S., 2017. The impact of supplier innovativeness, information sharing and strategic sourcing on improving supply chain agility: Global supply chain perspective.International Journal of Production Economics,187, pp.42-52. Eltantawy, R., Giunipero, L. and Handfield, R., 2014. Strategic sourcing managements mindset: strategic sourcing orientation and its implications.International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management,44(10), pp.768-795. Jacobs, F.R., Chase, R.B. and Lummus, R.R., 2014.Operations and supply chain management(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.